Clay County, IA

County

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    US Senator
    Chuck Grassley
    Republican Party
    US Senator
    Joni Ernst
    Republican Party
    2024 Median Age
    42.3
    1.2% 1-year increase
    2024 Poverty Rate
    11.4%
    0.426% 1-year decrease
    2024 Median Property Value
    $178,600
    4.14% 1-year growth
    2024 Employed Population
    8,240
    0.0364% 1-year growth

    About

    N/A of the households in Clay County, IA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

    98.2% of the residents in Clay County, IA are U.S. citizens.

    In 2024, the median property value in Clay County, IA was $178,600, and the homeownership rate was 73.3%.

    United StatesIowaSpencer, IA

    Population & Diversity

    Clay County, IA is home to a population of N/A people, from which 98.2% are citizens. As of 2024, 2.48% of Clay County, IA residents were born outside of the country (409 people).

    In 2024, there were 42.4 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (15k people) in Clay County, IA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 354 Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) and 305 Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    Population & Diversity

    Citizenship

    98.2%
    2024 Citizenship
    99.4%
    2023 Citizenship

    As of 2024, 98.2% of Clay County, IA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Clay County, IA was 99.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

    The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Clay County, IA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Diversity

    Race and Ethnicity

    The 3 largest ethnic groups in Clay County, IA
    1. White (Non-Hispanic)
      15k ± 106
    2. Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
      354 ± 79
    3. Other (Hispanic)
      305 ± 261
    4.74%
    Hispanic Population
    781 people

    In 2024, there were 42.4 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (15k people) in Clay County, IA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 354 Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) and 305 Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    4.74% of the people in Clay County, IA are hispanic (781 people).

    The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Clay County, IA as a share of the total population.

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    Global Diversity

    The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Iowa.
    Most Common Origin
    1. Mexico
      44,333 ± 5,134 people
    2. India
      11,889 ± 2,672 people
    3. Guatemala
      8,189 ± 2,219 people

    In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Iowa was Mexico, the natal country of 44,333 Iowa residents, followed by India with 11,889 and Guatemala with 8,189.

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    Foreign-Born Population

    2.48%
    2024 Foreign-Born Population
    409 people
    1.03%
    2023 Foreign-Born Population
    169 people

    As of 2024, 2.48% of Clay County, IA residents (409 people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Clay County, IA was 1.03%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

    The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Clay County, IA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Military

    Veterans

    Most Common Service Period
    1. Vietnam
      395 ± 136
    2. Gulf War (2001-)
      174 ± 79
    3. Korea
      89 ± 68

    Clay County, IA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.27 times greater than any other conflict.

    The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Clay County, IA.

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    Health

    94.5% of the population of Clay County, IA has health coverage, with 44.4% on employee plans, 19.5% on Medicaid, 16.5% on Medicare, 12.7% on non-group plans, and 1.4% on military or VA plans.

    Primary care physicians in Clay County, IA see 1,174 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,174 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 969 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 246 patients per year.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, N/A were men and N/A were women.

    Coverage

    Patient to Clinician Ratios

    1,174 to 1
    Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Clay County, IA

    Primary care physicians in Clay County, IA see an average of 1,174 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,174 patients).

    The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Clay County, IA in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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    Location of Health Services Facilities

    Health Service Type
    Top 5 Health Facilities Servicing the Greatest Number of Households
    1. Health Practice Name

      12345 Community Center Dr., Hayward, CA 94540 Census Tract # 4001

    2. Health Practice Name

      12345 Community Center Dr., Hayward, CA 94540 Census Tract # 4002

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    Health Care Diversity

    In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.7% under 18 years, 17.3% between 18 and 34 years, 36.4% between 35 and 64 years, and 21.7% over 64 years.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, N/A were men and N/A were women.

    The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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    Uninsured People

    5.54%
    Uninsured
    44.4%
    Employer Coverage
    19.5%
    Medicaid
    16.5%
    Medicare
    12.7%
    Non-Group
    1.4%
    Military or VA

    Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Clay County, IA grew by 21.3% from 4.57% to 5.54%.

    The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Clay County, IA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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    Health Indicators

    Health Outcomes

    Indicator

    In 2025, the average number of mentally unhealthy days reported in past 30 days (age-adjusted) was 4.89 in Clay County, IA.

    The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Clay County, IA.

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    Health Behaviors

    Indicator

    In 2025, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 40.6% in Clay County, IA.

    The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Clay County, IA.

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    Clinical Care

    Indicator

    In 2025, the percentage of population under age 65 without health insurance was 4.93% in Clay County, IA.

    The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Clay County, IA.

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    Economy

    The economy of Clay County, IA employs 8.24k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Clay County, IA were Health Care & Social Assistance (1,447 people), Retail Trade (1,103 people), and Manufacturing (986 people), and the highest paying industries were Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($75,781), Wholesale Trade ($75,192), and Utilities ($68,368).

    Employment

    Occupations

    8.24k
    2024 Value
    ± 597
    0.0364%
    1 Year growth
    ± 10.3%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in Clay County, IA grew at a rate of 0.0364%, from 8.24k employees to 8.24k employees.

    The most common job groups, by number of people living in Clay County, IA, are Management Occupations (1,086 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (850 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (678 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Clay County, IA.

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    Unemployment Insurance Claims

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.

    This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Iowa (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

    The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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    Industries

    Employment by Industries

    8.24k
    2024 Value
    ± 597
    0.0364%
    1 Year growth
    ± 10.3%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in Clay County, IA grew at a rate of 0.0364%, from 8.24k employees to 8.24k employees.

    The most common employment sectors for those who live in Clay County, IA, are Health Care & Social Assistance (1,447 people), Retail Trade (1,103 people), and Manufacturing (986 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Clay County, IA, though some of these residents may live in Clay County, IA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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    Median Earnings by Industry

    $49,748
    Median earning men ± $2,771
    $39,610
    Median earning women ± $3,764

    The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($103,250), Wholesale Trade ($81,111), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($78,828).

    The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Wholesale Trade ($72,826), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($60,455), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($48,214).

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    Employment by Industry Sector

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.
    Y-Axis
    1.48%
    Year-over-year growth
    Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

    As of February 2023, there are 1.57M people employed in Iowa. This represents a 1.48% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

    Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 10.9%.

    The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Iowa.

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    Establishments by Size

    The industries with the most establishments
    1. 42
      Construction
    2. 40
      Retail Trade
    3. 32
      Retail Trade

    The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

    The visualization shows the number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

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    Payroll by Industry Sector

    The industries with the highest total annual payroll
    1. $82.9k
      Health Care and Social Assistance
    2. $42.2k
      Retail Trade
    3. $38.5k
      Wholesale Trade

    The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

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    Civics

    In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Iowa went to Donald J. Trump with 55.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (42.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.789%).

    Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst are the senators currently representing the state of Iowa. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    Iowa is currently represented by 4 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

    Senator Elections

    US Senators from Iowa

    Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.
    Chuck Grassley
    Senator from Iowa3
    Assumed office on January 3, 1981
    Joni Ernst
    Senator from Iowa2
    Assumed office on January 3, 2015

    Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst are the senators currently representing Iowa.

    In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    The following chart shows elected senators in Iowa over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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    Housing & Living

    The median property value in Clay County, IA was $178,600 in 2024, which is 0.537 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $171,500 to $178,600, a 4.14% increase. The homeownership rate in Clay County, IA is 73.3%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

    In 2025, 10.1% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Clay County, IA. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 0.609%.

    Housing

    Property

    $178,600
    Median Property Value 2024
    ±$10,755
    N/A
    Median Property Taxes
    ±N/A

    The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Clay County, IA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

    The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Clay County, IA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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    Rent vs Own

    73.3%
    Homeownership
    2024
    62%
    Homeowners with Mortgage
    2024

    In 2024, 73.3% of the housing units in Clay County, IA were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 72.7%.

    This chart shows the percentage of owner in Clay County, IA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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    Equity

    Wage Distribution

    The closest comparable wage GINI for Clay County, IA is from Iowa.
    0.435
    2024 Wage GINI in Iowa
    0.441
    2023 Wage GINI in Iowa

    In 2024, the income inequality in Iowa was 0.435 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.29% decline from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Iowa was lower than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Iowa in comparison to the national average.

    This chart shows the number of workers in Iowa across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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    Transportation

    Commuter Transportation

    Most Common Commute in 2024
    1. Drove Alone (80.8%)
    2. Carpooled (8.46%)
    3. Worked At Home (6.07%)

    In 2024, 80.8% of workers in Clay County, IA drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (8.46%) and those who worked at home (6.07%).

    The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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    Car Ownership

    2 cars
    Average Number

    The following chart displays the households in Clay County, IA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Clay County, IA have 2 cars.

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    Poverty

    Severe Housing Problems

    In 2025, 10.1% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Clay County, IA. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 0.609%.

    The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

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    Poverty & Diversity

    11.4% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Clay County, IA (1.84k out of 16.2k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Males < 5 and then Males 6 - 11.

    The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Clay County, IA is White, followed by Hispanic and Other.

    The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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    Children in Poverty

    In 2025, 14.9% of the children was living in poverty in Clay County, IA. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 0.9%.

    The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the children living in poverty.

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